Bibliography
Davis, Keith F. “A Terrible Distinctness: Photography of the Civil War Era,” in Photography in Nineteenth-Century America. Edited by Martha A. Sandweiss. New York, 1991.
Mitchell, Mary Niall. Raising Freedom’s Child: Black Children and Visions of the Future after Slavery. New York, 2008.
Trachtenberg, Alan. Reading American Photographs: Images as History, Mathew Brady to Walker Evans. New York, 1989.
Williams, Carla and Deborah Willis. The Black Female Body: A Photographic History. Philadelphia, 2002.
Willis, Deborah and Barbara Krauthamer. Envisioning Emancipation: Black Americans and the End of Slavery. Philadelphia, 2013.
On-line
Cartes-de-visites, Daguerreotypes, Ambrotypes and Tintypes (Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library)
Civil War Prints and Photographs (Library of Congress)
Civil War Photographs (Metropolitan Museum of Art)
National Museum of African American History and Culture (Smithsonian Institution)
Randolph Linsly Simpson African-American Collection (Yale University)











Barbara Krauthamer, leading historian of nineteenth-century African American history and Dean of Arts and Sciences at Emory University, discusses the history of photography in the era of enslavement and emancipation. The talk draws from Krauthamer and photo historian Deborah Willis’s book, Envisioning Emancipation: Black Americans and the End of Slavery (2013) that centers the question: What does freedom look like? We filmed Krauthamer on July 6, 2021, as part of The Visual Culture of the American Civil War and its Aftermath, an NEH Summer Institute for College and University Teachers. The picture gallery below includes images from Krauthamer and Willis’s joint talk at The Visual Culture of the American Civil War NEH Summer Institute, July 2012.